Persons with chronic HBV infection might be asymptomatic, have no evidence of liver disease, or have a spectrum of disease ranging from chronic hepatitis to cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma (a type of liver cancer). After acute infection, about 90% of infants and 30% of children under 5 years will become chronically infected compared to about 5% of adults. After that, their hepatitis B will resolve, making them immune to further infection or they will become chronically infected, meaning they can infect other people and may continue to have other symptoms or complications. At the time of infection with hepatitis B, people are considered to have acute hepatitis B. There are two stages to hepatitis B: acute and chronic. When present, signs and symptoms can include Most children under age 5 years and newly infected immunosuppressed adults are asymptomatic whereas 30%–50% of persons aged ≥5 years have initial signs and symptoms. The presence of signs and symptoms varies by age. HBV is not spread through food or water, sharing eating utensils, breastfeeding, hugging, kissing, hand holding, coughing, or sneezing. Sharing items such as razors or toothbrushes with an infected person.Needle sticks or sharp instrument exposures.Contact with blood or open sores of an infected person.Injection drug use that involves sharing needles, syringes, or drug-preparation equipment.HBV is transmitted through activities that involve percutaneous (i.e., puncture through the skin) or mucosal contact with infectious blood or body fluids (e.g., semen, saliva), including Hepatitis B infections are caused by the Hepatitis B virus (HBV) which is a hepadnavirus. Organism, Causative Agent, or Etiologic Agent Health Care Information Collection (THCIC)ĭata Immunization Investigation Reporting Resources VPD Home.National Electronic Disease Surveillance System (NEDSS).Emergency Medical Services (EMS) Licensure.Asbestos Hazard Emergency Response Act (AHERA).Food Manufacturers, Wholesalers, and Warehouses. Resources for Cancer Patients, Caregivers and Families.Cancer Resources for Health Professionals.Texas Comprehensive Cancer Control Program.Library and Information Science Program.Research, Funding, & Educational Resources.Center for Health Emergency Preparedness & Response.
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